There are a multitude of home wind turbine design styles on the market and this document details the unusual Savonius wind turbine. Unlike the more basic horizontal home wind turbine designs, the Savonius home wind turbine is based on a vertical architecture that relies on vanes to turn in the wind. This rotation is then transferred through a vertical shaft to the generator for the generation of electricity. This wind turbine is the unequaled choice for applications that use minimal power, but ultra reliability The simplicity of the Savonius design makes it a popular choice among applications that require as little maintenance as possible.
In the area of wind generated power there are different styles of devices used to capture the power of the wind and convert it to electricity. Most of the designs follow the typical style of a windmill, or airplane style propeller that sits atop a tower and rotates to catch the wind. The Savonius wind turbine style is different in design because it's a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). This means that the actual piece of the turbine that rotates looks more like a rotating canister that connect to a vertical shaft coupled to the generator also mounted vertically near ground level. This vertical cylinder then catches the wind, spins the shaft to the generator to generate the electricity.
The original design of this sort of wind turbine was completed in 1922 by Sigurd Savonius, a Finnish design engineer. This type of turbine is utilized quite often because of it's straightforward design and dependability. Also, because it spins on a flat axis, there is no need to have a directional mechanism to keep the unit aligned with the wind like other types. It can catch the wind in any direction and reacts immediately to changes in wind direction. This design of turbine is considered a "drag style" turbine from an aerodynamic point of view.
It is designed on the principle that because of the canisters form, it experiences more drag when moving with the wind than against it and it benefits from the differential created and converts it to rotation. Since in general drag type turbines are not as efficient, it does not make as much power as its more usual horizontal cousin, but can still have a full range of applications. This type of wind turbine is used in nearly all of the atmospheric surveillance stations around the world as these tend to be located in isolated areas and the importance of dependability and low power consumption make the Savonius wind turbine a perfect choice.
They are also used on other inaccessible locations like buoys far out in the ocean. They are also sometimes used to entice attention to advertising signs. In this application they are not used to create any power, but have opposite sides painted contrasting colors to clutch your attention as they spin. So in general the Savonius home wind turbine is a very unique design that lends itself to many varied applications. Its reliability and simplicity make it the perfect choice for situations that require low power generation, but rock solid performance
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